Sphaerellopsis paraphysata
Sphaerellopsis paraphysata Crous & Alfenas, in Trakunyingcharoen, Lombard, Groenewald, Cheewangkoon, Toanun, Alfenas & Crous, IMA Fungus 5(2): 411 (2014)
Index Fungorum number: IF810844 Facesoffungi number: FoF04968
Sexual morph: Undetermined. Asexual morph: Coelomycetous. Conidiomata 105–160 µm high, 90–150 µm diam., black, pycnidial, solitary, associated with rust stromatic along the leaf veins, semi-immersed to superficial on stromata, globose to subglobose, uni-loculate, glabrous, ostiole central, with pore-like opening. Conidiomata walls 12–30 µm wide, composed of 2–5 layers, of dark brown pseudoparenchymatous cells of textura angularis. Conidiophores 15–21 × 2.4–3 µm (x̄ = 18 × 2.7 µm, n = 20), arising from the basal cavity, 1–2-celled, hyaline, curved, cylindrical, or reduced to conidiogenous cells. Conidiogenous cells 3.5–6 × 2.5–4.5 µm (x̄ = 4.7 × 3.5 µm, n = 20), enteroblastic, phialidic, discrete, determinate, cylindrical to ampulliform to doliiform, hyaline, 0–1-septate, smooth, thin-walled, minute collarette, with 1–2 apertures, and periclinal wall thickening. Conidia 14–17 × 3–5 µm (x̄ = 15.5 × 4.5 µm, n = 20), hyaline, fusiform to ellipsoidal, mostly 1–3-septate, constricted at the central septum, smooth-walled.
Culture characteristics: Colonies on PDA reaching 25–30 mm diam. after 4 weeks at room temperature. Colony dense, irregular in shape, flattened, slightly raised, surface slightly rough, heaped and folded at the centre, with small granular and black, stromatic, edge undulate, with margin well-defined, felted at the centre, fluffy at the edge; from above white at the margin, with yellowish grey to greenish grey at the centre; from below, white to cream at the margin, black at the centre; not producing pigmentation on agar medium, sporulating on PDA after 3 weeks.
Known hosts: Associated with rust on Pennisetum sp., on Ravenelia macowania on
Vachellia karroo, on leaves of Phragmites sp. and associated with rust on living leaves of Liriope spicata
Known distribution: Australia, Brazil, South Africa, (Yunnan, China) (Trakunyingcharoen et al. 2014; Crous et al. 2018).
Material examined: CHINA, Yunnan Province, Kunming City, Kunming Institute of Botany, associated with rust on living leaves of Liriope spicata (Thunb.) Lour (Asparagaceae), 6 December 2017, R. Phookamsak, KIB044 (KUN-HKAS 101483), living culture, KUMCC 18-0195.
GenBank Accession No: ITS: MK387927, LSU: MK387965, SSU: MK387935, TEF1-a: MK435606.
Notes: Sphaerellopsis paraphysata was introduced by Trakunyingcharoen et al. (2014) based on morphological comparisons and phylogenetic analysis. We made a new collection from China associated with a rust on living leaves of Liriope spicata. The new isolate (KUN-HKAS 101483) is similar in morphology with S. paraphysata but differs from the type of S. paraphysata in having smaller
conidiomata, presence of conidiophores and lacking paraphyses. Phylogenetic analyses of a combined LSU, SSU and ITS sequence dataset show that our strain (KUMCC 18-0195) forms a sister lineage with S. paraphysata (CPC 21841) with high support (100% ML and 1.00 BYPP). A comparison of ITS nucleotide base shows that our new isolate has same base pairs with the type strain of S. paraphysata. Thus we identify the new isolate as S. paraphysata and our new collection is a new host record in China.
Figure X. Sphaerellopsis paraphysata (KUN-HKAS 101483). a Liriope spicata. b–d Appearance of conidiomata associated with rust on host substrate. e Section through conidioma wall. f Section through conidioma. g, h Culture on PDA after 2 weeks (g = from above, h = from below). i–r in vitro (OA). i Sporulation on OA after 4 weeks. j Section through conidioma. k Section through conidioma wall. l, m Conidiogenous cells stained in congo red. n–r Conidia. Scale bars j = 100 µm, c, d, f = 50 µm, k = 20 µm, e, l, m = 10 µm, n = 5 µm, o–r = 2 µm.
Reference:
Phookamsak R, Hyde KD, Jeewon R, Bhat DJ, et al. (2019) Fungal diversity notes 929–1035: taxonomic and phylogenetic contributions on genera and species of fungi. Fungal Diversity (2019) 95:1–273
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