Plenodomus lijiangensis
Plenodomus lijiangensis Phookamsak, A. Karunarathna & K.D. Hyde, in Phookamsak et al., Fungal Diversity: 10.1007/s13225-019-00421-w, [24] (2019)
Index Fungorum number: IF556137 Facesoffungi number: FoF05697
Sexual morph: Undetermined. Asexual morph: Coelomycetous. Conidiomata 140–290 µm high, 135–240 µm diam., pycnidial, black, scattered, gregarious, superficial, uni-loculate, varied in shape, subconical to ovoid, or subglobose, with truncate base, widest at the base, glabrous, with indistinct ostiole. Conidiomata walls 17–100 µm wide, thick-walled, of unequal thickness, thickened at the apex, comprising several cell layers, outer layer composed of broad, dark brown to black, scleroplectenchymatous cells of textura angularis to textura globulosa, inner layer composed of broad, hyaline cells of textura angularis. Conidiophores reduced to conidiogenous cells. Conidiogenous cells 4–9 × 5–8 µm (x̄ = 6.4 × 6.5 µm, n = 40), enteroblastic, phialidic, discrete, determinate, ampulliform to doliiform, hyaline, smooth, with minute collarette, with 1–2 apertures, and periclinal wall thickening, arising from the inner cavity of the conidioma wall. Conidia 3–5 × 1.7–2.3 µm (x̄ = 4.3 × 2 µm, n = 50), hyaline, oblong to obovoid, aseptate, smooth-walled, with 1–2 guttules.
Culture characteristics: Colonies on PDA, reaching 57–58 mm diam. after 3 weeks. Colony dense, circular, flattened, slightly raised, surface smooth, with edge entire, floccose; from above white at themargin, creamat the centre, with pale grey concentric ring near the margin; from below, yellowish brown at the edge, with paler margin, dark brown to black at the centre, colony slightly radiating outwards; not producing pigmentation on agar medium. Sporulation on PDA after three months. Conidiomata 120–250 µlm high, 130–230 µm diam., scattered, solitary to gregarious, semi-immersed in culture colony, or embedded in agar medium, perithecial, pycnidial, with short stipe (19–49 µm long), black, glabrous, globose to subglobose, lacking ostioles. Conidiomata walls 3–8 µm wide, thin-walled, equally thick, comprising 1–2 cell layers of dark brown to black pseudoparenchymatous cells of textura angularis. Conidiophores reduced to conidiogenous cells. Conidiogenous cells 2–3 × 1.5–3 µm (x̄ = 2.5 × 2.2 µm, n = 20), enteroblastic, phialidic, discrete, determinate, oblong to pyriform, hyaline, with minute collarette, and periclinal wall thickening, arising from the inner cavity of the conidioma wall, difficult to distinguish from the conidioma wall. Conidia 3–4(–4.5) × 1.5–2.5 µm (x̄ = 3.9 × 2, n = 50), hyaline, oblong to ellipsoidal, or obovoid, aseptate, smoothwalled, with 1–2 small guttules.
Material examined: CHINA, Yunnan Province, Lijiang, Yulong, on dead fronds of fern, 1 August 2015, R. Phookamsak, LJ003 (KUN-HKAS 102249, holotype), extype living culture, KUMCC 18-0186.
GenBank Accession No: ITS: MK387921, LSU: MK387959, SSU: MK387929, TEF1-a: MK435601 (KUMCC 18-0186).
Notes: Based on the NCBI BLASTn search of ITS sequence data, Plenodomus lijiangensis closest match is P. deqinensis Qian Chen & L. Cai (CGMCC 3.18221; 98% similarity). Phylogenetic analyses of a concatenated LSU, SSU and ITS sequence dataset reveal that P. lijiangensis forms a sister lineage with P. deqinensis and groups with P. agnitus (Desm.) Gruyter et al., P. fallaciosus (Berl.) Gruyter et al. and P. lupini (Ellis & Everh.) Gruyter et al. Plenodomus lijiangensis shares a size range of conidia and conidiogenous cells with P. deqinensis and was also collected from Yunnan, China (Marin-Felix et al. 2017). However, P. lijiangensis was isolated from dead fronds of fern, while P. deqinensis was isolated from soil. In vitro, P. lijiangensis forms a globose to subglobose conidiomata, inconspicuous ostiole, with a short stipe which is similar to the asexual morph of P. sinensis Tennakoon et al. While, P. deqinensis forms globose to subglobose, slightly papillate ostiole with a narrow pore or opening via a rupture (Marin-Felix et al. 2017). A comparison of ITS sequence shows that P. lijiangensis differs from P. deqinensis in eight base positions (1.55%/ 517 bp). According to the guidelines in Jeewon and Hyde (2016), we introduce P. lijiangensis as a new species.
Figure X. Plenodomus lijiangensis (KUN-HKAS 102249, holotype). a–i Morphological characteristics on natural substrate. l–u Morphological characteristics in vitro. a Conidiomata on host. b Vertical section of conidioma. c Section through conidioma wall. d–f Conidiogenous cells. g–i Conidia. j, k Culture characteristics on PDA (j = from above, k = from below). l–n Conidiomata forming on PDA after three months. o Squash mount of conidioma. p Vertical section of conidioma. q Section through conidioma wall stained with congo red. r, s Conidiogenous cells. t Conidiogenous cells stained with congo red. u Conidia. Scale bars a = 200 µm, b, n, o = 100 µm, c, p = 50 µm, u = 10 µm, g, q–t = 5 µm, h, i = 2 µm.
Reference: Phookamsak R, Hyde KD, Jeewon R, Bhat DJ, et al. (2019) Fungal diversity notes 929–1035: taxonomic and phylogenetic contributions on genera and species of fungi. Fungal Diversity (2019) 95:1–273
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