Palmiascoma gregariascomum
Palmiascoma gregariascomum Phookamsak & K.D. Hyde, Fungal Divers 72: 65 (2015)
Index Fungorum number: IF 550927; Facesofungi number: FoF 00429
Saprobic on dead woody twigs of Cryptocarya hainanensis. Sexual morph: Ascomata 150–210 μm high × 130–200 μm diam., (x̅ = 180 × 170 μm, n = 5), immersed to erumpent, solitary or scattered, coriaceous, globose to subglobose, black. Ostioles central. Peridium 16–26 μm wide, 3–4-layered, comprising brown cells of textura angularis. Hamathecium 1.2–1.8 μm wide, comprising cylindrical, branched, septate, cellular pseudoparaphyses embedded in a hyaline gelatinous matrix. Asci 45–57 × 6–8 μm (x̅ = 52 × 7 μm, n = 20), 8 spored, bitunicate, cylindrical clavate, straight or curved, apically rounded, short pedicellate. Ascospores 10.5–12.5 × 3–4 μm (x̅ = 11.5 × 3.4 μm, n = 30), uniseriate, didymosporous, ellipsoidal, pale-brown to brown, 1 septate, constricted at the septum, guttulate, conical at both ends, thick walled. Asexual morph: Coelomycetous. Conidiomata 110–220 μm high × 140–270 μm diam., (x̅ = 150 × 190 μm, n = 5), scattered, immersed, coriaceous, globose to subglobose, brown to dark brown, ostioles central, with minute papilla. Conidiomata wall 10–17 μm wide, 3–4-layered, composed of brown outer layers and hyaline inner layers of thin walled cells of textura angularis. Conidiophores reduced to conidiogenous cells. Conidiogenous cells 4.5–7.5 × 2.1–3.3 μm (x̅ = 5.6 × 2.5 μm, n = 10), enteroblastic, phialidic, determinate, discrete, oblong to ampulliform, hyaline, smooth walled, arising from stratum. Conidia 4–5 × 2–2.5 μm (x̅ = 4.4 × 2.2 μm, n = 30), subglobose to oval, one celled, aseptate, rounded ends, initially hyaline, becoming brown at maturity, thick walled, guttulate.
Culture characters: Conidia germinating on PDA within 24 h at room temperature (25 °C). Germ tubes produced from the apex. Colonies on PDA, reaching 50 mm diameter after two weeks at 20–25 ℃, mycelia superficial, circular, sparse mycelia, zonate, white at the margin, atrovirens at the center. Ascospores germinated on PDA within 24 h at room temperature (25 °C), Germ tubes produced from the apical cell of ascospore. Colonies on PDA, reaching 15 mm diameter after two weeks at 20–25 ℃, mycelia superficial, circular, flat, gray at the margin, greyish white at the center, white between the margin and zonate; reverse, zonate, atrovirens at the margin, black at the center, yellow at the center and zonate.
Material examined: China, Yunnan Province, Lincang, on dead woody twigs of Cryptocarya hainanensis (Lauraceae), 11 August 2020, G.C. Ren, LC51 (HKAS 122754), living culture KUMCC 21 0617; LC52 (HKAS 122755), living culture KUMCC 21 0618.
Known distribution: Dead fronds of palm, dead twigs of Rosa sp. (Rosaceae) and dead branches of Eucalyptus sp. (Myrtaceae) in Thailand (Liu et al. 2015, Hongsanan et al. 2020), dead woody twigs of Cryptocarya hainanensis (Lauraceae) in China (This study).
GenBank numbers: KUMCC 21-0617: LSU: OQ170843, ITS: OQ158923, SSU: OQ168200, tef1-α: OR613424, rpb2: OR578556; KUMCC 21 0618: LSU: OQ170844, ITS: OQ158924, SSU: OQ168201, tef1-α: OR613425, rpb2: OR578557.
Notes: Palmiascoma gregariascomum was introduced from Thailand with both asexual and sexual morphs (Liu et al. 2015). The sexual morph occurred on a dead frond of a palm, and the asexual morph was found on dead twigs of Rosa sp. (Rosaceae) and dead branches of Eucalyptus sp. (Myrtaceae) (Hongsanan et al. 2020, Jayawardena et al. 2022). The new collections (HKAS 122754 and HKAS 122755) and the type material (MFLU 11–0211 and asexual morph in culture MFLUCC 11–0175, Liu et al. 2015) have similar morphological characters. In addition, there are also no phylogenetic divergences among the strains KUMCC 21 0617 and KUMCC 21 0618, compared to the ex type strain of P. gregariascomum (Fig. 20). Therefore, our new collections are introduced here as the first record of P. gregariascomum from Cryptocarya hainanensis (Lauraceae) in China.
Figure 1. Phylogram generated from ML analysis based on SSU, LSU, ITS, tef1-α, and rpb2 sequence data, representing Bambusicolaceae. Related sequences are obtained following Phukhamsakda et al. (2022). Forty-two strains are included in the combined analyses, which comprise 4040 characters for SSU, LSU, ITS, tef1-α, and rpb2 alignment. Murilentithecium clematidis (MFLUCC 14 0561) and M. lonicerae (MFLUCC 18 0675) were used as the outgroup taxa. The best-scoring RAxML tree with a final likelihood value of 17373.628804 is presented. The matrix had 939 distinct alignment patterns, with 17.41% of undetermined characters or gaps. Estimated base frequencies were as follows; A = 0.242291, C = 0.257231, G = 0.271517, T = 0.228961; substitution rates AC = 1.354747, AG = 2.926058, AT = 1.006416, CG = 0.994544, CT = 6.807971, GT = 1.0000. The tree topology of the ML analysis is similar to the Bayesian analysis. Bootstrap values for ML equal to or greater than 70% and BYPP values greater than 0.95 (the rounding of values to 2 decimal proportions) are labelled on the nodes. Strains of the newly described species are in blue, while type strains are in bold.
Figure 2. Palmiascoma gregariascomum (HKAS 122755 sexual morph) a Material examined. b Appearance of ascomata on the host substrate. c Section of an ascoma. d Peridium. e Pseudoparaphyses. f–i Asci. j–m Ascospores. n Germinated ascospore. o, p Culture characters on PDA (o = from above, p = from below). Scale bars: c = 100 μm, d–i, n = 20 μm, j–m = 10 μm, o, p = 20 mm.
Figure 3. Palmiascoma gregariascomum (HKAS 122754 asexual morph). a Material examined. b, c Conidiomata on the natural wood surface. d Sections through conidiomata. e Conidioma wall. f, g Conidiogenous cells and developing conidia. h Conidia. i Germinated conidia. j, k Culture characters on PDA. Scale bars: d = 100 μm, e = 30 μm, f–i = 20 μm, j, k = 30 mm.
- Ren GC, Jayasiri SC, Tibpromma S, De Farias ARG, et al. (2024) Saprobic ascomycetes associated with woody litter from the Greater Mekong Subregion (Southwestern China and Northern Thailand). Mycosphere 15(1), 954–1082, Doi 10.5943/mycosphere/15/1/8
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