Blackwellomyces lateris
Blackwellomyces lateris Y.P. Xiao, T.C. Wen & K.D. Hyde, in Hyde et al., Fungal Diversity: 10.1007/s13225-019-00429-2, [151] (2019)
Index Fungorum number: IF555421 Facesoffungi number: FoF05066
Sexual morph: Thallus within host, without mycelium cover. Stromata 5–6 cm long, 1.5–2 mm wide, fleshly, mostly branched, yellow to yellowish, stipitate arising from head of the host. Stipe 3.5–4 cm long, 1.5 mm wide, fleshly, yellow to yellowish, clavate, with stromata on the side face. Fertile head 0.5–2.5 cm long, 1.5–2 mm wide, fleshly, solitary or branched, cylindrical, yellow to yellowish, unilateral on the stipe. Stroma 713– 822 × 939–1106 μm (x̄ = 767 × 1023 μm, n = 30) in vertical section, yellow to yellowish, unilateral. Perithecia 287–343 × 138–184 μm (x̄ = 315 × 161 μm, n = 30), embedded, ampulliform to ovoid, yellow to yellowish, thick-walled, with ostiole on the top. Peridium 17–29 μm wide (x̄ = 23 μm, n = 60), three layers, textura porrecta in first layer, textura angularis in middle layer, textura intricata in third layer. Asci 166–223 × 3.7–5.1 μm (x̄ = 195 × 4.4 μm, n = 60), 8-spored, hyaline, narrow cylindrical, with a thin apex. Apical cap 2.2–3 × 3.3– 4.4 μm (x̄ = 2.2 × 3.3 μm, n = 60), hyaline. Ascospores 160–217 × 1–1.5 μm (x̄ = 188 × 1.2 μm, n = 60) cylindrical, smooth-walled, hyaline, without septa, not breaking into secondary part spores. Asexual morph: Undetermined.
Host and Habitat: Parasitic on a larva (Lepidoptera) buried in the upper 2 cm of soil.
Known distribution: Thailand.
Material examined: THAILAND, Chiang Mai Province, The Mushroom Research Centre, on larvae (Lepidopteran), 12 June 2017, Y.P. Xiao, MRC170617 (MFLU 18-0663, holotype); ibid., MFLU 18-0664, MRC170617b, (HKAS 96376, isotype).
GenBank Accession No: ITS: MK086059, LSU: MK086061, RPB1: MK084615, RPB2: MK079354, SSU: MK086057, TEF1: MK069471.
Figure X. Blackwellomyces lateris (MFLU 18-0663, holotype). a Habitat of Blackwellomyces lateris. b Overview of the host and stromata. c Host. d, e Stromata. f Vertical section of stroma. g Vertical sections showing the immersed perithecia. h Perithecium. i–k Asci. l Apical cap of asci. m, n Ascospores. Scale bars: b–d = 1 cm,e = 2 mm, f, g = 200 μm, i–k = 100 μm, m = 50 μm, h, l, n = 20 μm.
Notes: According to morphological and phylogenetic analysis (Hyde et al. 2019), Blackwellomyces lateris is closely related to B. cardinalis and B. pseudomilitaris, and characterized by yellow to yellowish, longer stromata; yellow to yellowish, longer fertile head with stromata in the side face; embedded, ampulliform to ovoid perithecia; shorter asci; aseptate ascospores. Molecular data indicate that B. lateris has 16 bp in ITS region, 2 bp in nrSSU, 10 bp in nrLSU, 11 bp in TEF1, 12 bp in RPB1, 20 bp in RPB2 that are different from B. cardinalis (OSC 93610), and has 30 bp in ITS region, 17 bp in nrSSU, 10 bp in nrLSU, 35 bp in RPB1 that are different from B. pseudomilitaris (NBRC 101509). Blackwellomyces lateris has good support in the phylogenetic tree and, therefore, B. lateris is introduced as a new species.
Table2 Synopsis of Blackwellomyces species discussed in Hyde et al. (2019).
|
Species |
Host |
Stromata |
Fertile head (mm) |
Stipe (mm) |
Perithecia (μm) |
Asci (μm) |
Ascospores (μm) |
Reference |
|
B. cardinalis |
Lepidoptera |
Reddish orange to reddish, |
Reddish orange to reddish, cylindrical, elliptical to fusiform, 2–9 × 1–4 |
Orange to red, cylindrical to enlarging apically 4–50 × 0.5–1.5 |
Embedded, elliptical to fusiform to obclavate, 230–540 × 110–240 |
175–330 × 3–5 |
Irregularly multi-septate, 160–320 × 1 |
Sung and Spatafora 2004 |
|
B. pseudomilitaris |
Lepidoptera |
Orange 15–30 × 0.9–3 |
Orange, cylindrical, 2–8 × 1.2–4 |
|
Superficial with one-quarter to one-third immersed, elongate ellipsoid to elongate ovoid, 290–570 × 120–245 |
290–410 × 5–6 |
Multi-septate, 280–390 × 1 |
Hywel-Jones 1994 |
|
B. lateris |
Lepidoptera |
Yellow to yellowish, 50–60 × 1.5–2 |
Yellow to yellowish, cylindrical, elliptical to fusiform, 5–25 × 1.5–2 |
Yellow to yellowish, clavate, with stromata on the side face 35–40 × 1.5 |
Embedded, ampulliform to ovoid, 287–343 × 138–184 |
166–223 × 3.7–5.1 |
Aseptate, 160–217 × 1.0–1.5 |
Hyde et al. 2019 |
Reference:
1. Hyde KD, Tennakoon DS, Jeewon R, Bhat DJ et al. (2019) Fungal diversity notes 1036–1150: taxonomic and phylogenetic contributions on genera and species of fungal taxa. Fungal Divers 96: 1–242.
2. Hywel-Jones NL (1994) Cordyceps khaoyaiensis and C. pseudomilitaris, two new pathogens of lepidopteran larvae from Thailand. Mycol Res 98: 939–942
3. Sung GH, Spatafora JW (2004) Cordyceps cardinalis sp. nov., a new species of Cordyceps with an east Asian-eastern North American distribution. Mycologia 96: 658–666.
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