Distoseptispora thysanolaenae
Distoseptispora thysanolaenae Goonas., Dayarathne, Phookamsak & K.D. Hyde, in Phookamsak et al., Fungal Diversity: 10.1007/s13225-019-00421-w, [126] (2019)
Index Fungorum number: IF555408 Facesoffungi number: FoF05011
Sexual morph: Undetermined. Asexual morph: Hyphomycetous. Colonies effuse, brown to dark brown, hairy or fluffy, arising from subiculum, with tufts. Mycelium partly superficial, composed of branched, septate, smooth, brown hyphae. Conidiophores 30–80 × 3.5–5.5 µm (x̄ = 52 × 4.5 µm, n = 30), macronematous, mononematous, light to dark brown, 2–8-septate, smooth, usually flexuous or sometimes straight, unbranched, cylindrical, rounded at the apex. Conidiogenous cells monoblastic, integrated, terminal, determinate, hyaline to light brown, cylindrical. Conidia 21.5–80 × 6.5–12.8 µm (x̄ = 53 × 9.5 µm, n = 30), acrogenous, solitary, narrow and elongated obclavate, slightly curved, 8–14-distoseptate, thick-walled, light to dark brown, paler at the apex, tapering towards a rounded, flat apex, truncate with flat base, with conspicuous spore attachment loci, guttulate, smooth-walled.
Culture characteristics: Colonies on PDA reaching 43–45 mm diam. after 4 weeks at 20–25 °C, colonies dense, circular, flat, surface slightly rough, rugose with edge entire, floccose to velvety; colony from above, greenish grey at the margin, brown-grey at the centre, from below dark grey at the margin, black at the centre; not producing pigmentation in PDA. Sporulation on PDA after two months. Conidiophores 10–30(–47) × 3–5 µm (x̄ = 21.4 × 4.6 µm, n = 25), macronematous, micronematous, mononematous, light to dark brown, 1–3-septate, smooth, usually flexuous or sometimes straight, unbranched, cylindrical, rounded at the apex. Conidiogenous cells monoblastic, integrated, terminal, determinate, hyaline to light brown, cylindrical. Conidia (20–)30–70(–243) × 5–8(–11) µm (x̄ = 53 × 8.4 µm, n = 30), acrogenous, varied in shape, elongate cylindrical to obclavate, lanceolate, rostrate, 6–22(–50)-distoseptate, light brown to dark brown, tapering towards a rounded, sometimes bulbous apex, truncate at the base, with conspicuous spore attachment loci, smoothwalled.
Habitat: -
Known distribution: -
Material examined: CHINA, Yunnan Province, Xishuangbanna, Mengla County, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden (XTBG), on dead culms of Thysanolaena maxima (Roxb.) Kuntze (Poaceae), 22 April 2017, R. Phookamsak, IS004 (KUN-HKAS 102247, holotype), extype living culture, KUMCC 18–0182 (IS004A), KUMCC 18-0183 (IS004B)
GenBank Accession No: ITS = MK045851, LSU = MK064091, TEF1-a = MK086031.
Notes: Distoseptispora thysanolaenae is the sixth species in this genus to be introduced from a terrestrial habitat. The previously introduced species are D. martini (J.L. Crane & Dumont) J.W. Xia & X.G. Zhang, D. tectonae Doilom & K.D. Hyde, D. tectonigena Doilom & K.D. Hyde, D. thailandica Tibpromma & K.D. Hyde and D. xishuangbannaensis Tibpromma & K.D. Hyde (Hyde et al. 2016; Xia et al. 2017; Luo et al. 2018; Tibpromma et al. 2018). Distoseptispora thysanolaenae can be distinguished from these species by its 2–8-septate conidiophore that are 30–80 × 3.5–5.5 µm and narrow elongated, obclavate, light to dark brown conidia that are 21.5–80 × 6.5–12.8 µm, 8–14-distoseptate and smooth-walled. Distoseptispora martini has longer conidiophores (50–110 × 3.5–4.5 µm), shorter and wider conidia (15–20 × 11–16 µm) that are ellipsoid, oblate or subglobose (Xia et al. 2017). Distoseptispora tectonae and D. tectonigena differ in their conidiophore dimensions (up to 40 × 4–6 µm, and up to 110 × 5–11 µm, respectively) and conidial dimensions ((90–)130–140(–170) × 13–14 µm, and 148–225(–360) × 11–12 µm, respectively) and number of septa. Distoseptispora thailandica and D. xishuangbannaensis have larger conidia (130–230 × 13.5–17 µm and 160–305 × 8–15 µm, respectively) and more septa (35–52-distoseptate, and up to 40-distoseptate, respectively) (Tibpromma
et al. 2018). Phylogenetic analyses based on a combined ITS, LSU and TEF1-a sequence dataset show that our taxon clusters with other Distoseptispora species. The species is sister to D. guttulata J. Yang & K.D. Hyde (MFLUCC 16-0183). A comparison of ITS and TEF1-a nucleotide bases shows that D. thysanolaenae differs from D. guttulata with 59 nucleotide bases of ITS and 64 nucleotide bases of TEF1-a. Distoseptispora thysanolaenae shares similar morphological features with D. guttulata but can be distinguished from the latter in having shorter conidia (21.5–80 µm versus 75–130 µm; Yang et al. 2018c). Therefore, following the guidelines of Jeewon and Hyde (2016) we introduce it as a new species.
Figure 8. Distoseptispora thysanolaenae (KUN-HKAS 102247, holotype). On host substrate: a Appearance of colonies on host surface. b, d, e Conidiophores. c, f Conidiophores with attached conidia. g–i Variable shapes of conidia. In vitro: j Sporulation of conidia on PDA after 4 weeks. k–mConidiophores with attached conidia. n–s Variable shapes of conidia. Scale bars a = 500 µm, b–i, k–r = 20 µm, s = 50 µm
Reference:
Phookamsak R, Hyde KD, Jeewon R, Bhat DJ (2019) Fungal diversity notes 929–1035: taxonomic and phylogenetic contributions on genera and species of fungi. Fungal Diversity 95:1–273.
Recent Genus
EpicoccumAmphisphaeria
Paraeutypella
Recent Species
Epicoccum diplopterygiiTorula chromolaenae
Periconia delonicis