Cyphellophora filicis
Cyphellophora filicis Hongsanan, Phookamsak & K.D. Hyde, in Phookamsak et al., Fungal Diversity: 10.1007/s13225-019-00421-w, [89] (2019)
Index Fungorum number: IF556179 Facesoffungi number: FoF05712
Sexual morph: Ascomata 40–60 lm high, 55–75 µm diam., immersed in host tissue, becoming erumpent, solitary, subglobose to globose, dark brown, uni-loculate, glabrous, ostiolate, with minute papilla. Peridium 3–10 µm wide, thin-walled, composed of 2–5 layers of flattened, brown pseudoparenchymatous cells of textura angularis. Asci 30–50 × (10–)12–15(–19) µm (x̄ = 41.5 × 13.6 µm, n = 30), 8-spored, bitunicate, ovoid to ampulliform, short pedicellate, with an ocular chamber. Ascospores (15–)17–20(–22) × (3–)4–5(–6) µm (x̄ = 18.6 9 4.7 µm, n = 30), overlapping 2–3-seriate, hyaline, ellipsoidal to fusiform, inconspicuously 3-septate, not constricted at the septa, narrowly round at the ends, sometimes curved at the middle, with a guttule in each cell. Asexual morph: Undetermined.
Culture characteristics: Colonies on PDA reaching 34–36 mm diam. after 3 weeks at 20–25 °C, colonies circular, dense, flat, slightly raised, surface dull, with edge entire, woolly to velvety; from above, dark grey at the margin, white-grey at the centre, separating from the margin by convex, concentric ring; from below dark greenish at the margin, with green yellowish at the centre; not producing pigmentation in agar.
Material examined: THAILAND, Chiang Rai Province, Doi Pui, on dead fronds of a fern, 2 February 2017, R. Phookamsak, DP002 (KUN-KHAS 102220, holotype), extype living culture, KUMCC 18-0144 (DP002A), KUMCC18-0145 (DP002B).
GenBank numbers: ITS = MK404056, LSU = MK404052, SSU = MK404054 (KUMCC 18-0144); ITS = MK404057, LSU = MK404053, SSU = MK404055 (KUMCC18-0145).
Notes: The phylogenetic tree shows that Cyphellophora filicis is closely related to a fungus in Chaetothyriales (T222) that is associated with ants nest and their runway galleries (Nepel et al. 2014). It is also related to C. fusarioides (B. Sutton & C.K. Campb.) Decock, C. laciniata G.A. de Vries, C. suttonii (Ajello et al.) Decock and C. vermispora A. Walz & de Hoog, but as a distinct new species in Cyphellophora. We could not compare morphological characters of our new species and those Cyphellophora species due to the fact that C. filicis is sexual morph species, while those other species in Cyphellophora were found as asexual morph. The first record of the sexual characters in Cyphellophora (C. jingdongensis) was provided by Yang et al. (2018a). However, C. jingdongensis differs from C. filicis in growing on honey dew excretions from insects, with dark superficial mycelium, scattered, superficial ascomata, without short necks, ellipsoidal to cylindrical asci and 1–3- septate fusoid ascospores. Thus, we introduce C. filicis as a new species based on the sexual morph characters and phylogenetic evidence.
Figure X. Cyphellophora filicis (KUN-KHAS 102220, holotype). a, b Appearance of ascomata on host surface. c Section through ascoma. d Section through peridium. e, f Asci embedded in a hyaline gelatinous matrix. g–l Ascospores. m Ascospore germination. n, o Culture characteristics on PDA (n = from above, o = from below). Scale bars a = 500 µm, b = 100 µm, c, d = 20 µm, e, f = 10 µm, g–l = 5 µm
Reference:
Phookamsak R, Hyde KD, Jeewon R, Bhat DJ (2019) Fungal diversity notes 929–1035: taxonomic and phylogenetic contributions on genera and species of fungi. Fungal Diversity 95:1–273.
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